Water-cooled lamp



Patented May 24, 1927.

UNITED. STATES 1,630,052 PATENT OFFICE.

J LEROY J, BUTTOLPH, OF EAST ORANGE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO COOPER HEWITT ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

WATER-COOLED LAMP.

Application filed September 20, 1923. Serial No. 663,917.

The present invention relates to an electric light radiating apparatus useful in the,

arts generally and particularly in the therapeutic art where diseases are treated by 6 means of radiations froma light source giving ofi' ultra violet rays and has for its object to provide such an apparatus which can be manipulated readily by hand by the operator.

I have discovered, when operating a uartz lamp having a solid anode and a liquid cathode therein and an arc path of one or two inches on conimercial circuits that it is impossible to maintain such a small sized lam in efiicient operation on commerc-ial circuits without the use of external heat radiating devices. Accordingly, in my new apparatus, I surround the lamp and particu larly the electrode portions of the container of such a lamp with cooling devices or chambers operating to maintain the temperature of the radiant. current stream between the electrodes at the desired operating temperature for giving the maximum amount of light, in those cases where illumination is desired and the maximum quantity of ultra violet radiations in those cases where such radiations are desired.

By availing of the cooperating action of the cooling jackets for the luminous column, and jackets for the terminals or electrode portions of the lamp, I am enabled to make eflicient devices of large and small sizes and the invention lends itself particularly to the production of a small hand lamp for use as a therapeutic lamp or a bulls eye lamp, although it is to be understood that my invention is not limited to small sized outfits.

By the use of extensions of the cooling jacket in contact with or in the neighborhood of the terminals of the lamp the regulation of the volt-ampere characteristic of the device is secured in the mostetiicient manner and by virtue of this particular construction, the lead-in devices common to the end portions or terminals of these tubes is protected from the disintegrating effects of radiant. energy and from corrosive vapors or gases developed in that portion of the outfit adjacent to the luminous tube. 1

Further, by interposing a separate sleeve of heat conducting or heat insulating material between the lamp and the water cooling casing, the operator is enabled to increase or decrease the amount of heat carried from the lamp to the cooling casing and so further assist in the regulation of the voltampere characteristic of the lamp.

I have illustra-ted my invention in the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a. vertical section of my artificially cooled hand lamp showing the external cooling medium applied directly to the portions of the lamp tube containing the electrodes Figure 2 is ahorizontal section along the line 2. 2 of Figure 1.; Figure 3 is a vertical section of my artificially cooled lamp showing the artificial cooling medium applied to the electrodes and also extending along the light radiant portion of the lamp and in close proximity thereto; and Figure 4 is a horizontal section along the line 4, 4 of Figure 3.

Referring to the drawings, 1 is a mercury vapor lamp having a solid anode shown at 2 and a negative electrode of mercury shown at 3. the usual lead in devices for electrodes being shown at 4 and 5, respectively. The lamp, 1, is surrounded by a cooling jacket or container, 6, provided with an extension chamber, 7 the inner walls of which are in contact with the wall of the container, 1, in the neighborhood of the anode, 2, or in close proximity thereto, and an extension chamber, 8, the walls of which are in contact with the walls of the lamp, 1, in the neighborhood of the electrode, 3, or in .close proximity thereto, the chambers 7 and 8 communicating with each other through an opening in the lens mounting mechanism presently to be described, and inlet and outlet pipes for a suitable circulating cooling medium, such as water. being shown at 9 and 10, the last for varying the heat conduction between the lamp and the cooling casing. Here is shown the sleeve, 34, which is held in the desired position by the spring, 35, which is afiixed to tile lower extension 37 of the inner jacket wa The lamp, 1. is connected to a suitable source of current through the conductors 12 and 13, said conductors being passed through is employed in which the lens 16 is cooled in the operation of the the wall of the jacket, 6, and insulated therefrom, if desired, the conductor, 12, being connected to the lead wire, 4, of the electrode 2 and the conductor, 13, being passed down through the chambers 6 and 7 and insulated therefrom by bushings, 26, 26, and connected to the lead wire, 5, of the electrode 3. The portion of the lead 13 joined to the Iead'device 5 ma be strong enough mechanically to hold the amp in place or a spring 14 may be-provided for cushionin and support ng the lamp in the jacket. Kt the togsprmg clips l515 are provided for hol mg the lamp in place at that point. The lenses 16 and 17 are held in lace in a screw threaded opening in the jac et 6 by means of screw threaded rings 18, 1'8, 18, 18, a suitable opening 19 being provided for the passage of the circulating cooling medium between the lenses.

Referring to Figure 3, the construction, generally, is similar to that described in connection with Figure 1, except that the water jacket constituted by the jacket 6, the pipes 10 and the passage 19 through the lens mount and connecting the chambers 7 and 8, is extended entirely around the lamp as shown at 20 and brought into close proximi'ty to the luminous portion of the lam tube, 1, between the extensions 7 and 8, am a Hat spring, 17, is shown for cushioning the lamp 1.

In Figure 3, an alternative lens mounting held in place by a screw ring 18, compressing the lens 16 against a washer of rubber, 22, and the outer lens 17, is held in place by a screw cap, 23, compressing the lens '17 against a washer 24 of rubber in contact with an extension 25 of the jacket 6, the usual hole 19 for circulation'of the cooling fluid between lenses being present in this construction also.

If desired, the ipe 10 in Figure 2 may be continued throug the extension 8 to a point where it discharges in the neighborhood of the lenses 16 and 17, as shown in Figure 3, to insure that these devices shall be properly devices.

In the operation of the device, the circulating medium is started and flows from inlet 10 through extension 8 up through the holes 19 in the lens mounting into the extension 7 and around the lamp to the outlet pipe 9 and back to the source. With the cooling fluid in circulation, the lamp 1 is started into operation by tilting the outfit so that the mercury of the electrode 3 bridges the gap between the electrodes 2 and 3 and then breaks the connection thus established whereu on the arc is formed between the electrodes just mentioned. At the instant of starting because of the low temperature in the lamp the voltage drop across it is low and is controlled by the stabilizing resistance in the auxiliaries usual to such lamps and not here shown. This initial current is necessarily high and the mercury electrode 3 heats up rapidly raising the vapor pressure of the mercury in the lamp and at the same time raising the arc voltage. This process continues until such time as the heat energy in the lamp establishes equilibrium with the cooling members about the electrode portions. This equilibrim temperature is determined by the relative areas of the extensions of the jacket 6 and the electrode portions of the lamp that are in close proximity, and by adjusting the position of the sleeve 34 the conduction of heat from the lamp to 'the coating chambers can he further regulated and controlled. It is thus obvious that the volt-ampere characteristic is controlled by this control of heat equilibrium at the point of greatest sensitivity since the voltampere characteristic of the burner itself is dependent primarily on the pressure of the mercury vapor in the gas or are space. It follows from the forcgoingthen that the operation of the outfit for any given set of conditions may be controlled and varied by Varying the cooling effect of-the circulating medium or through varying the electrical regulating devices in the auxiliary mechanism of the lamp, but it is preferred for any given setting of the lamp and its control mechanism to vary the volt-ampere characteristic of the lamp by varying the rate of cooling as set forth above. The above is true not only of the small lamps illustrated herein but applies equally well for the 19. larger sizes of quartz lamps now on the market.

The radiations to be utilized either in therapy or in general illumination pass through the lenses 16 and 17 with the water 1 between them which serves to cool the lenses and to take out radiant energy which the cooling medium may absorb, although it will be understood that the heat rays may also be utilized for useful purposes in which case 110 the cooling medium must be selected that is transparent to the said rays. This latter of course is a matter of design and selection well within the ken of those skilled in the art.

The lamp 1 is provided with certain structural features which are important in the operation of the lamp generally whether forming part of the cooled outfit or burning independently of such outfit in the usual way. The container is contracted as shown at 27 in the neighborhood of the level of the liquid constituting the electrode 3, and serves to localize the cathode spot when the lamp is operating and that part of the lead 125 wire 5 which is inside the container is brought up near the surface of the liquid electrode 3 and is of spiral form. This construction insures that the lead wire 5 is always in contact with the material of the electrode 3, and particularly in the starting up of the apparatus when it is tilted to stream the mercury to the anode 2, when the mercury is partially emptied out of the pocket at the lower end of the lamp.

The tungsten anode 2 in the lamp 1 may be a plate or a spiral, and in either event it is provided with a projection, 28, which serves to hold the are at this point of the electrode 2 and prevent the wandering of the are spot over the surface of the anode 2.

The top, 29, and the bottom, 30, of the jacket 6 are removable, and when the lamp outfit is assembled, the lam 1 is inserted through the bottom until t e top thereof comes in contact with the clips 15'-15 whereupon the spring clip, 31, is fastened to the outer end of the lead wire 4 and the part of the lead 13 connected to the lead 5 is joined to the main lead 13 as shown at 32. The cover 29 is then put on the top-and the bottom part 30 with the spring 14 or the spring 21 is put in place to close of! the bottom of the jacket 6.

This application is a continuation in art of my application Serial Number 551, 68, filed April 12, 1922.

I claim as my invention:

1. A lam outfit comprising a jacket, a

lamp in sai jacket, extensions of said jacket in proximity to the terminal portionsof said lamp, adjustable means interposed between said lamp and said jacket for controlling the heat conductivity between said lamp and jacket, and means for circulating a cooling medium through the jacket and the extensions thereof.

2. A lam outfit comprising a jacket, a lamp in sai jacket, extensions of said jacket in proximity to the terminal portions of said lamp, means interposed betweensaid lamp and said jacket for controlling the heat conductivity betwen said lamp and jacket, and means for circulatin a coolin 'medium through the jacket an the extensions there- 3. A lamp of the character described com prising an outer casing; an inner casing spaced away from the outer casing to provide water circulating spaces and leaving air chambers in the ends of the outer casing and means between the lamp and the inner casing to vary the amount of heat carried away from the lamp by the water circulating thru said spaces.

4s. A lamp outfit comprising a jacket, a lamp in said jacket, extensions of said jacket in operative relation to the terminal ortions of said lamp, and means forcircu ating a cooling medium through the said extensions.

5. A lamp outfit comprising a jacket, a lamp mounted therein, an extension of said jacket in close proximity to a terminal portion of said lamp, means for circulating a cooling fluid through said extension for controlling the volt ampere characteristic of the.

lamp, and means interposed between the terminal portion of the lamp and the extension of said jacket for varying the volt ampere characteristicof the lamp.

6. A lamp out-fit comprising a jacket, a lamp mounted therein, an extension of said jacket in close proximity to a terminal portion of said lamp, means for circulating a cooling fluid through said extension for controlling the volt ampere characteristic of the lamp, and means interposed between the terminal portion of the lamp and the extension of said jacket for varying the volt ampere characteristic of the lampby varyin the rate of heat transfer from the lamp.

A lamp outfit comprising a jacket, a lamp mounted therein, an extension of said jacket in close proximity to a terminal portion of said lamp, means for circulating a cooling fluid through said extension for controlling the volt ampere characteristic of the lamp, and means interposed between the terminal portion of the lamp and the extension of said jacket for var ing the volt ampere characteristic of the amp by varying the rate of heat transfer from the lamp to the circulating medium.

8. A lamp outfit comprising a support, a lamp mounted thereon, and a member mounted on a portion of the lamp and movable on said lamp to vary the rate of heat transfer from said lamp.

9. A lamp outfitcomprising a sup ort, 2

lamp mounted thereon, and a mem er 0 good heat transferring material mounted on a portion of the lamp and movable on said lamp to vary the rate of heat transfer from said lamp.

10. A lamp outfit comprising a sup ort, a lamp mounted thereon, and a mem er of poor heat transferring material mounted on a portion of the lamp and movable on said lamp to vary the rate of heat transfer from said lamp.

'11. An outfit comprising a lamp, a jacket for. circulating fluid, and a member interposed between said lamp and said jacket for varying the rate of heat transfer from said. lam to said jacket.

Signed at Hoboken in the county of Hud- LEROY a. snrrroarn. 

